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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

全国人大常委会党组举行会议******

全国人大常委会党组举行会议

学习贯彻习近平总书记重要讲话和中央纪委二次全会精神

栗战书主持并讲话

　　新华社北京1月11日电 中共全国人大常委会党组10日举行会议，学习习近平总书记在二十届中央纪委二次全会上的重要讲话和全会精神，结合人大工作实际，研究部署贯彻落实工作。全国人大常委会委员长、党组书记栗战书主持会议并讲话。

　　会议指出，习近平总书记在二十届中央纪委二次全会上的重要讲话，站在事关党长期执政、国家长治久安、人民幸福安康的高度，对坚定不移深入推进全面从严治党作出战略部署，重点围绕解决大党独有难题、健全全面从严治党体系、加强政治监督、推进作风建设常态化长效化、把纪律建设摆在更加突出位置、一刻不停推进反腐败斗争等提出了明确要求。要深入学习领会习近平总书记重要讲话精神，深刻领悟“两个确立”的决定性意义，增强“四个意识”、坚定“四个自信”、做到“两个维护”，全面贯彻落实党的二十大决策部署，把习近平总书记关于党的自我革命战略思想融入人大党的建设全过程，把履行管党治党政治责任作为最根本的政治担当，驰而不息正风肃纪反腐，不断提升人大党建工作质量和水平。

　　会议强调，要坚持党对人大工作的全面领导特别是党中央集中统一领导，任何时候任何情况下都要坚持党中央集中统一领导这一最高政治原则，始终同以习近平同志为核心的党中央保持高度一致，自觉把人大工作放在党中央工作大局中考量和部署。要坚持用习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想凝心铸魂，继续在学懂弄通做实上下功夫，在结合实际创造性贯彻落实上下功夫，深刻把握其中蕴含的世界观和方法论，自觉运用贯穿其中的立场观点方法，把党的科学理论真正转化为指导实践、推动工作的强大力量，推进人大制度理论和实践不断发展。

　　会议指出，要健全完善党和国家监督体系，加强人大监督工作，推动党中央决策部署贯彻落实，保证宪法法律全面有效实施，保证行政权、监察权、审判权、检察权得到正确行使，保证人民权益得到维护和实现。要持续强化正风肃纪和反腐败斗争，时刻保持解决大党独有难题的清醒和坚定，时刻保持永远在路上的坚韧和执着，锲而不舍严格贯彻落实中央八项规定及其实施细则精神，把新时代党的伟大自我革命进行到底。

　　全国人大常委会党组副书记王晨，全国人大常委会党组成员张春贤、沈跃跃、吉炳轩、艾力更·依明巴海、王东明、白玛赤林、杨振武出席会议并发言。

　　《光明日报》（ 2023年01月12日 03版）

　　（文图：赵筱尘巫邓炎）

[责编：天天中]

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